
Pharaoh Ant
Monomorium pharaonis
- Order & Family
- Hymenoptera: Formicidae
- Size
- 1.5 to 2 millimeters (about 1/12 inch) in length.
Natural Habitat
Indoor environments, particularly in heated buildings like hospitals, office buildings, and apartments. They nest in wall voids, under floors, and behind baseboards.
Diet & Feeding
Omnivorous; they consume a wide variety of foods including sweets, fats, proteins, and other insects. In clinical settings, they have even been found feeding on wounds.
Behavior Patterns
They exhibit a 'budding' behavior where a subset of a colony splits off to form a new colony, often triggered by stress or chemical treatment. They use complex pheromone trails to navigate and communicate.
Risks & Benefits
Significant indoor pests. They are notorious for carrying and spreading pathogens such as Salmonella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus, making them a major health risk in hospitals and food service areas.