Cochineal

Typically found on the pads of prickly pear (Opuntia) cacti in arid and semi-arid regions.

Herbivorous; these insects feed on the sap and moisture of the prickly pear cactus by piercing the plant with specialized mouthparts.

The insects are sessile (non-moving) as adults. They secrete a white, waxy substance for protection. Female insects produce carminic acid to deter predators, which is the source of the bright red dye.

Benefits: A significant source of natural red dye (carmine) used in food and cosmetics. Risks: Generally harmless to humans, though they can be a pest to cactus plants when populations are high.