Stag beetle (female)

Woodlands, forest edges, parks, and gardens with mature or decaying hardwood. Larvae develop in rotting stumps, roots, and buried wood.

Adults commonly consume tree sap, fruit juices, or little food; larvae feed on decaying wood and associated fungi and microbes.

Mostly nocturnal and attracted to lights. Males usually have enlarged mandibles, while females have smaller mandibles and may defend themselves with strong bites.

Not dangerous, though females can bite painfully if handled. Larvae help decompose dead wood and recycle nutrients; many species are declining because of habitat loss.